Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640)

• Was a Flemish painter.
• A court painter Rubens was not required to register his pupils with the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke.
• The unknown Jacob Moerman was registered as his pupil while Willem Panneels and Justus van Egmont were registered in the Guild's records as Rubens's assistants.
• Anthony van Dyck worked in Rubens's workshop after training with Hendrick van Balen in Antwerp.
• Other artists linked to the Rubens's workshop as pupils, assistants or collaborators are Abraham van Diepenbeeck, Lucas Faydherbe, Lucas Franchoys the Younger, Nicolaas van der Horst, Frans Luycx, Peter van Mol, Deodat del Monte, Cornelis Schut, Erasmus Quellinus the Younger, Pieter Soutman, David Teniers the Elder, Frans Wouters, Jan Thomas van Ieperen, Theodoor van Thulden and Victor Wolfvoet (II).

• Rubens sub-contracted animals, landscapes or still-lifes in large compositions to specialists such as animal painters Frans Snyders and Paul de Vos, or other artists such as Jacob Jordaens.

• One of his most frequent collaborators was Jan Brueghel the Elder.

• The displayed painting is a crop from: The Head of Medusa, 1617/1618.

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